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	<title>Comments on: Reading 2: &#8220;As We May Think,&#8221; Vannevar Bush</title>
	<link>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/</link>
	<description>Interactive Storytelling Spring 2008</description>
	<pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2008 22:15:43 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>By: averwymeren</title>
		<link>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-249</link>
		<author>averwymeren</author>
		<pubDate>Mon, 07 Apr 2008 16:18:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-249</guid>
		<description>It's not really fair to laugh at the past. History can't offer a response to our smugness. Though it is incredible to think about where we've come since this was written. He focuses a lot of attention on collecting and storing data, tasks that google and terabyte sized hard drives have made practical for all. Technology now needs to come up with better ways for us to sort and access that data. I don't know about you, but my hard drive is cluttered with junk and I have trouble reading a single news story all the way through without getting distracted by links. So my prediction: Figuring out how to make sense of all this information is where the future is at.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s not really fair to laugh at the past. History can&#8217;t offer a response to our smugness. Though it is incredible to think about where we&#8217;ve come since this was written. He focuses a lot of attention on collecting and storing data, tasks that google and terabyte sized hard drives have made practical for all. Technology now needs to come up with better ways for us to sort and access that data. I don&#8217;t know about you, but my hard drive is cluttered with junk and I have trouble reading a single news story all the way through without getting distracted by links. So my prediction: Figuring out how to make sense of all this information is where the future is at.</p>
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		<title>By: bboyer</title>
		<link>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-246</link>
		<author>bboyer</author>
		<pubDate>Mon, 07 Apr 2008 15:04:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-246</guid>
		<description>Bush seems to have predicted databases, the personal computer, the Wikipedia, cybernetics, hyperlinks, digital photography, and magnetic storage media.

But it's all analog.  He wrote this just a couple of years too early.  This piece just barely predates the digital age, pioneered by the fathers of computer science, Bush's contemporaries, like &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing" rel="nofollow"&gt;Alan Turing&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_von_Neumann" rel="nofollow"&gt;John von Neumann&lt;/a&gt;, and lots of other smart cats who spent the war years whipping up nuclear weaponry and building devices to crack Nazi codes.

He scratches at the surface a &lt;a&gt;stored-program computer&lt;/a&gt; when he describes machines that "will be controlled by a control card or film, they will select their own data and manipulate it in accordance with the instructions thus inserted."  Perhaps he was in the know?  So close.

But, he got something that the guys over at Yahoo! missed 50 years later, "the artificiality of systems of indexing."  There's only so much value one gets from organizing.  We need search!  Add in hyperlinks, and you get Google, a search engine based on the concept that the usefulness of a pages is correlated to the quality and quantity of incoming links.

The world's information seems poorly organized, but thats a myopic vision.  It appears to be such a mess because of two factors.  First, vastly more information is available to us online than ever before.  Second, we've just begun sorting it out, and so we're a bit behind the wave.  But, the world's information is far more organized and accessible than ever before, and every day new resources are made available to help us make sense of it.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Bush seems to have predicted databases, the personal computer, the Wikipedia, cybernetics, hyperlinks, digital photography, and magnetic storage media.</p>
<p>But it&#8217;s all analog.  He wrote this just a couple of years too early.  This piece just barely predates the digital age, pioneered by the fathers of computer science, Bush&#8217;s contemporaries, like <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing" rel="nofollow">Alan Turing</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_von_Neumann" rel="nofollow">John von Neumann</a>, and lots of other smart cats who spent the war years whipping up nuclear weaponry and building devices to crack Nazi codes.</p>
<p>He scratches at the surface a <a>stored-program computer</a> when he describes machines that &#8220;will be controlled by a control card or film, they will select their own data and manipulate it in accordance with the instructions thus inserted.&#8221;  Perhaps he was in the know?  So close.</p>
<p>But, he got something that the guys over at Yahoo! missed 50 years later, &#8220;the artificiality of systems of indexing.&#8221;  There&#8217;s only so much value one gets from organizing.  We need search!  Add in hyperlinks, and you get Google, a search engine based on the concept that the usefulness of a pages is correlated to the quality and quantity of incoming links.</p>
<p>The world&#8217;s information seems poorly organized, but thats a myopic vision.  It appears to be such a mess because of two factors.  First, vastly more information is available to us online than ever before.  Second, we&#8217;ve just begun sorting it out, and so we&#8217;re a bit behind the wave.  But, the world&#8217;s information is far more organized and accessible than ever before, and every day new resources are made available to help us make sense of it.</p>
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		<title>By: Ryan Mark</title>
		<link>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-242</link>
		<author>Ryan Mark</author>
		<pubDate>Mon, 07 Apr 2008 13:46:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-242</guid>
		<description>Great point about the the Issue of Quantity of Information. It seems that in this essay, Bush kind of assumes that all information is good information and while he does an amazing job of telling us about the computer and Interwebs 50 years early, he conveniently leaves out the part about spam.

I think this essay also makes a point about how people have (hopefully) learned their lesson when it comes to guessing what the future might be like. From Bush’s descriptions of how these future devices might work, its made plain how even the smartest scientists are bound by extent of their experience. He got the concepts and goals of our current technological revolutions, but I’m still waiting for the walnut on my forehead that takes pictures. Apple is probably working on it.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Great point about the the Issue of Quantity of Information. It seems that in this essay, Bush kind of assumes that all information is good information and while he does an amazing job of telling us about the computer and Interwebs 50 years early, he conveniently leaves out the part about spam.</p>
<p>I think this essay also makes a point about how people have (hopefully) learned their lesson when it comes to guessing what the future might be like. From Bush’s descriptions of how these future devices might work, its made plain how even the smartest scientists are bound by extent of their experience. He got the concepts and goals of our current technological revolutions, but I’m still waiting for the walnut on my forehead that takes pictures. Apple is probably working on it.</p>
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		<title>By: jedwards</title>
		<link>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-239</link>
		<author>jedwards</author>
		<pubDate>Mon, 07 Apr 2008 08:16:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-239</guid>
		<description>It's interesting how Bush's passage on photography mirrors the debate on the future of film.  The growth of digital filmmaking has made film accessible to more people in ways than never before.  Millions of people are able to use digital video cameras to tell their stories and share it with the world in person or online.  But as old-school enthusiasts and others posting have argued, the quantity runs the risk overtaking quality.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s interesting how Bush&#8217;s passage on photography mirrors the debate on the future of film.  The growth of digital filmmaking has made film accessible to more people in ways than never before.  Millions of people are able to use digital video cameras to tell their stories and share it with the world in person or online.  But as old-school enthusiasts and others posting have argued, the quantity runs the risk overtaking quality.</p>
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		<title>By: chillstrom</title>
		<link>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-237</link>
		<author>chillstrom</author>
		<pubDate>Mon, 07 Apr 2008 07:40:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-237</guid>
		<description>I like the point Rebecca makes in applying this to our own blogging-- that we should be aware of quality over quantity.  I feel that with the democratization of everything, with all of the websites out there, all of the blogs, all of the profiles, we've come to fill the space with so much noise just because.... we can.  And so we have so much crap to wade through not because, as Erin points out, we invented crap, but because we have the means to carefully archive and document pretty much every whim we have-- every interest, every relationship, every opinion we have.  And it feels a bit like this culture of categorizing and labeling becomes a little bit internalized too, as people are encouraged through profile-making and online groups, etc, to outline the basic bullet points of their identity and make it searchable.  Yikes!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I like the point Rebecca makes in applying this to our own blogging&#8211; that we should be aware of quality over quantity.  I feel that with the democratization of everything, with all of the websites out there, all of the blogs, all of the profiles, we&#8217;ve come to fill the space with so much noise just because&#8230;. we can.  And so we have so much crap to wade through not because, as Erin points out, we invented crap, but because we have the means to carefully archive and document pretty much every whim we have&#8211; every interest, every relationship, every opinion we have.  And it feels a bit like this culture of categorizing and labeling becomes a little bit internalized too, as people are encouraged through profile-making and online groups, etc, to outline the basic bullet points of their identity and make it searchable.  Yikes!</p>
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		<title>By: Joshua Pollock</title>
		<link>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-233</link>
		<author>Joshua Pollock</author>
		<pubDate>Mon, 07 Apr 2008 05:26:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-233</guid>
		<description>"The advanced arithmetical machines of the future will be electrical in nature, and they will perform at 100 times present speeds, or more. Moreover, they will be far more versatile than present commercial machines, so that they may readily be adapted for a wide variety of operations. They will be controlled by a control card or film, they will select their own data and manipulate it in accordance with the instructions thus inserted, they will perform complex arithmetical computations at exceedingly high speeds, and they will record results in such form as to be readily available for distribution or for later further manipulation. Such machines will have enormous appetites. One of them will take instructions and data from a whole roomful of girls armed with simple key board punches, and will deliver sheets of computed results every few minutes. There will always be plenty of things to compute in the detailed affairs of millions of people doing complicated things."

Ladies and gentlemen, I present to you: the computer. While Bush's ideas may have been considered lofty or unrealistic at the time he had this article published, the devices we have come up with since this article are exactly what he was looking for. Digital cameras and camcorders operate hand-in-hand with computers via a "control card". 

We have printer/scanner/copier/fax machine/latte makers now that also work along with our computers. And despite its vastness, the Web is the most centralized location for all of the information Bush was talking about. Think about all of the resources we can get, just "armed with simple key board punches".

The development of the personal computer alone has made the world we live in a smaller place, and I think if Bush was around today, he'd have an addiction to Youtube.

Not that there's anything wrong with that.



We have come a long way in 63 years, and I think this guy would probably mess himself if he saw Youtube.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;The advanced arithmetical machines of the future will be electrical in nature, and they will perform at 100 times present speeds, or more. Moreover, they will be far more versatile than present commercial machines, so that they may readily be adapted for a wide variety of operations. They will be controlled by a control card or film, they will select their own data and manipulate it in accordance with the instructions thus inserted, they will perform complex arithmetical computations at exceedingly high speeds, and they will record results in such form as to be readily available for distribution or for later further manipulation. Such machines will have enormous appetites. One of them will take instructions and data from a whole roomful of girls armed with simple key board punches, and will deliver sheets of computed results every few minutes. There will always be plenty of things to compute in the detailed affairs of millions of people doing complicated things.&#8221;</p>
<p>Ladies and gentlemen, I present to you: the computer. While Bush&#8217;s ideas may have been considered lofty or unrealistic at the time he had this article published, the devices we have come up with since this article are exactly what he was looking for. Digital cameras and camcorders operate hand-in-hand with computers via a &#8220;control card&#8221;. </p>
<p>We have printer/scanner/copier/fax machine/latte makers now that also work along with our computers. And despite its vastness, the Web is the most centralized location for all of the information Bush was talking about. Think about all of the resources we can get, just &#8220;armed with simple key board punches&#8221;.</p>
<p>The development of the personal computer alone has made the world we live in a smaller place, and I think if Bush was around today, he&#8217;d have an addiction to Youtube.</p>
<p>Not that there&#8217;s anything wrong with that.</p>
<p>We have come a long way in 63 years, and I think this guy would probably mess himself if he saw Youtube.</p>
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		<title>By: epeterson</title>
		<link>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-226</link>
		<author>epeterson</author>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Apr 2008 19:20:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-226</guid>
		<description>Although Vannevar Bush wrote that "men cannot hope fully to duplicate [mental association] artificially," it's amazing how close online journalism has come to doing just that. When Bush walks the reader through the uses of a memex (the internet), and a catalog of arguments why the Turkish bow was better than the English long bow in the Crusades, he's describing something similar to a blog or any form of internet writing. 

On the internet, or in a blog, the connections made are associative, as well as through indexing. The liberal use of hyperlinks in a lot of online journalism effectively creates a "trail of many items," allowing readers to learn more about certain concepts or words while still in the framework of the original article. By putting these links in the text, the writer allows readers to choose the trails they'll follow. As Bush said: "Thus [the writer] builds a trail of interest through the maze of materials available to him."

If he were still around today, Bush would definitely be blogging.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Although Vannevar Bush wrote that &#8220;men cannot hope fully to duplicate [mental association] artificially,&#8221; it&#8217;s amazing how close online journalism has come to doing just that. When Bush walks the reader through the uses of a memex (the internet), and a catalog of arguments why the Turkish bow was better than the English long bow in the Crusades, he&#8217;s describing something similar to a blog or any form of internet writing. </p>
<p>On the internet, or in a blog, the connections made are associative, as well as through indexing. The liberal use of hyperlinks in a lot of online journalism effectively creates a &#8220;trail of many items,&#8221; allowing readers to learn more about certain concepts or words while still in the framework of the original article. By putting these links in the text, the writer allows readers to choose the trails they&#8217;ll follow. As Bush said: &#8220;Thus [the writer] builds a trail of interest through the maze of materials available to him.&#8221;</p>
<p>If he were still around today, Bush would definitely be blogging.</p>
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		<title>By: jtownsend-rogers</title>
		<link>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-222</link>
		<author>jtownsend-rogers</author>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Apr 2008 05:01:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-222</guid>
		<description>In reading this article, two quotes stood out for me: the first was his mention that "while there is a growing amount of research, there is increased evidence that we are being bogged down."

It surprises me that point was made in 1945, I would have thought that there would have been LESS information to deal with then. Now, there is sometimes so much information, that making sense of it all can be a challenge. 

The second quote that stood out to me was when he mentioned that "publication has been extended far beyond the ability to make use of the record." It brings up a point that people tend to write so many things that they tend to lose the goal of making each point meaningful.

Echoing the sentiments made by rknowles, this article reinforces the point that quality should always trump quantity. A lesson that should hold true in our blog postings.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In reading this article, two quotes stood out for me: the first was his mention that &#8220;while there is a growing amount of research, there is increased evidence that we are being bogged down.&#8221;</p>
<p>It surprises me that point was made in 1945, I would have thought that there would have been LESS information to deal with then. Now, there is sometimes so much information, that making sense of it all can be a challenge. </p>
<p>The second quote that stood out to me was when he mentioned that &#8220;publication has been extended far beyond the ability to make use of the record.&#8221; It brings up a point that people tend to write so many things that they tend to lose the goal of making each point meaningful.</p>
<p>Echoing the sentiments made by rknowles, this article reinforces the point that quality should always trump quantity. A lesson that should hold true in our blog postings.</p>
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		<title>By: bishola</title>
		<link>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-221</link>
		<author>bishola</author>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Apr 2008 04:39:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-221</guid>
		<description>Seeing as almost every aspect of modern technology was initially created (or was thought up) in the earlier half of the 20th century, and all we have done since then is improve on those inventions and ideas. Bush envisions improvements to all some of the basic technology pretty accurately. From being able to snap a picture and see it immediately to the "mechanized private file and library," we call the internet. 

I think his ideas on how information will be indexed, etc is close to what we have now, but I think we well always have too much information that it will be almost impossible to organize as he imagines. And not because the organization method is poor. 

What's amazing is that even as we get closer to achieving the future devices Bush writes about, none of the old technological ways are entirely obsolete. I still record my thoughts with pencil and paper, even though I have my laptop. I took a course on photography and developed film in a dark room and know others who still do. And I still find myself, at times, unable to find anything I want on the internet.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Seeing as almost every aspect of modern technology was initially created (or was thought up) in the earlier half of the 20th century, and all we have done since then is improve on those inventions and ideas. Bush envisions improvements to all some of the basic technology pretty accurately. From being able to snap a picture and see it immediately to the &#8220;mechanized private file and library,&#8221; we call the internet. </p>
<p>I think his ideas on how information will be indexed, etc is close to what we have now, but I think we well always have too much information that it will be almost impossible to organize as he imagines. And not because the organization method is poor. </p>
<p>What&#8217;s amazing is that even as we get closer to achieving the future devices Bush writes about, none of the old technological ways are entirely obsolete. I still record my thoughts with pencil and paper, even though I have my laptop. I took a course on photography and developed film in a dark room and know others who still do. And I still find myself, at times, unable to find anything I want on the internet.</p>
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		<title>By: rknowles</title>
		<link>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-219</link>
		<author>rknowles</author>
		<pubDate>Sun, 06 Apr 2008 01:45:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://medillinteractivepublishing.com/reading-2-as-we-may-think-vannevar-bush/#comment-219</guid>
		<description>It's funny to think that even in 1945, knowledge communities had to consider the issue of 'too much information'...it would certainly seem as though the internet has taken things to an entirely new level. It's something that strikes me every time I take too long doing research on a story before I start writing it. Every source leads to another, which leads to another, and still I feel I could do a better job with just a while longer for reading/researching.

In any case, the article served to reinforce the importance of quality over quantity as we set about blogging. As crucial as it will be to post frequently, it will be equally important to consider the real contribution each post makes.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s funny to think that even in 1945, knowledge communities had to consider the issue of &#8216;too much information&#8217;&#8230;it would certainly seem as though the internet has taken things to an entirely new level. It&#8217;s something that strikes me every time I take too long doing research on a story before I start writing it. Every source leads to another, which leads to another, and still I feel I could do a better job with just a while longer for reading/researching.</p>
<p>In any case, the article served to reinforce the importance of quality over quantity as we set about blogging. As crucial as it will be to post frequently, it will be equally important to consider the real contribution each post makes.</p>
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